Letter to the Reader． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． vii
Critical Thinking Competency Standards： Guide for Educators
The Structure of This Guide ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． 2
Understanding the Intimate Relationship Between Critical Thinking， Learning， and Education
The Concept of Critical Thinking 4
The “What” and the “How” of Education 5
Critical Thinking Is the “How” for Obtaining Every Educational “What” ． 5
Critical Thinking and Learning 7
Critical Thinking and the Educated Person ． 8
Critical Thinking and Information Literacy ． 8
The Growing Importance of Critical Thinking ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ．
．10
Critical and Creative Thinking ． 10
Critical Thinking and the Mastery of Content 11
Adapting the Standards for Particular Subjects 13
The Structure and Components of the Competencies
Relating the Competencies to Critical Thinking Concepts 15
Outlining the Components in Each Competency ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ． ．
．16
A Master Rubric 18
The Critical Thinking Competencies
Standard One： Purposes， Goals， and Objectives ． 20
Standard Two： Questions， Problems， and Issues 21
Standard Three： Information， Data， Evidence， and Experience 22
Standard Four： Inferences and Interpretations ． 23
Standard Five： Assumptions & Presuppositions 24
Standard Six： Concepts， Theories， Principles， Definitions， Laws， and Axioms ． 25
Standard Seven： Implications and Consequences ． 26
Standard Eight： Points of View and Frames of Reference ． 27
Standard Nine： Assessing Thinking ． 29
Standard Ten： Fairmindedness 31
Standard Eleven： Intellectual Humility ． 32
Standard Twelve： Intellectual Courage 33
Standard Thirteen： Intellectual Empathy 34
Standard Fourteen： Intellectual Integrity ． 35
Standard Fifteen： Intellectual Perseverance 36
Standard Sixteen： Confidence in Reason<