第 1 章 新能源汽車概述.........................................................................................................................1 1.1　新能源和新能源汽車.......................................................................................................1 1.2　新能源汽車分類...............................................................................................................4 1.3　新能源汽車關(guān)鍵技術(shù).......................................................................................................6 練習(xí)與實(shí)訓(xùn)................................................................................................................................8 第　2 章 新能源汽車的動(dòng)力...................................................................................................................11 2.1　動(dòng)力電源.........................................................................................................................11 2.2　燃料電池.........................................................................................................................19 2.2.1　燃料電池的主要類型..........................................................................................19 2.2.2　常見的幾種燃料電池..........................................................................................20 2.3　混合動(dòng)力.........................................................................................................................27 2.3.1　串聯(lián)式混合動(dòng)力..................................................................................................27 2.3.2　并聯(lián)式混合動(dòng)力..................................................................................................28 2.3.3　混聯(lián)式混合動(dòng)力..................................................................................................31 2.3.4　插電式混合動(dòng)力..................................................................................................31 練習(xí)與實(shí)訓(xùn)..............................................................................................................................34 第　3 章 新能源汽車的動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)及控制............................................................................................37 3.1　純電動(dòng)汽車動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)及控制..........................................................................................37 3.1.1　純電動(dòng)汽車動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)..........................................................................................37 3.1.2　驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)系統(tǒng).....................................................................................................39 3.1.3　功率變換器.........................................................................................................47 3.2　混合動(dòng)力汽車動(dòng)力控制.................................................................................................49 3.2.1　混合動(dòng)力汽車動(dòng)力結(jié)構(gòu)特性..............................................................................49 3.2.2　混合動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)的控制方法..................................................................................53 練習(xí)與實(shí)訓(xùn)..............................................................................................................................59 新能源汽車整車控制技術(shù) |　2 | 第4　章 新能源汽車總線通信 協(xié)議及應(yīng)用......................................................................................62 4.1　CAN 總線概述................................................................................................................62 4.2　CAN 總線技術(shù)規(guī)范........................................................................................................63 4.2.1　物理層.................................................................................................................63 4.2.2　數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層.........................................................................................................64 4.2.3　網(wǎng)絡(luò)層.................................................................................................................66 4.2.4　應(yīng)用層.................................................................................................................66 4.2.5　表示層.................................................................................................................67 4.2.6　會(huì)話層.................................................................................................................67 4.2.7　傳輸層.................................................................................................................67 4.3　CAN 總線的基本組成和數(shù)據(jù)傳輸原理.........................................................................67 4.3.1　基本組成.............................................................................................................67 4.3.2　數(shù)據(jù)傳輸原理.....................................................................................................69 4.4　汽車CAN 總線網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)及其特點(diǎn)................................................................................69 4.4.1　總線架構(gòu).............................................................................................................70 4.4.2　汽車CAN 總線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的組成................................................................................70 4.4.3　CAN 總線節(jié)點(diǎn)規(guī)范............................................................................................71 4.4.4　幾種常見的汽車網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)..................................................................................72 4.4.5　典型汽車的CAN 總線網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)................................................................76 4.4.6　汽車網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)..................................................................................77 4.5　CAN 總線控制單元........................................................................................................78 4.5.1　動(dòng)力CAN 總線網(wǎng)絡(luò)單元....................................................................................79 4.5.2　車身CAN 總線網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)....................................................................................82 4.5.3　全數(shù)字儀表.........................................................................................................85 練習(xí)與實(shí)訓(xùn)..............................................................................................................................88 第　5 章 整車控制器................................................................................................................................91 5.1　整車控制器功能定義.....................................................................................................91 5.1.1　整車控制器結(jié)構(gòu)..................................................................................................93 5.1.2　整車控制器功能說明..........................................................................................94 5.1.3　整車控制系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)......................................................................................95 5.1.4　電機(jī)控制器.........................................................................................................97 5.2　整車控制策略.................................................................................................................97 5.2.1　控制系統(tǒng)主流程..................................................................................................97 目錄 |　3 | 5.2.2　驅(qū)動(dòng)控制策略...................................................................................................　100 5.2.3　油門踏板信號處理............................................................................................　100 5.2.4　工作模式劃分...................................................................................................　101 5.2.5　電機(jī)過載管理...................................................................................................　103 5.2.6　電池保護(hù)...........................................................................................................　104 5.3　請求電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)矩算法.......................................................................................................　105 5.4　整車控制器硬件...........................................................................................................　107 5.5　整車控制器的硬件設(shè)計(jì)...............................................................................................　109 5.5.1　單片機(jī)最小系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)........................................................................................　109 5.5.2　電氣件驅(qū)動(dòng)電路設(shè)計(jì)........................................................................................　112 5.5.3　數(shù)據(jù)采集電路設(shè)計(jì)............................................................................................　112 5.5.4　通信接口電路設(shè)計(jì)............................................................................................　113 5.6　整車控制儀表顯示.......................................................................................................　115 練習(xí)與實(shí)訓(xùn)............................................................................................................................　115 第　6 章 驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)控制..............................................................................................................　118 6.1　驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)及其控制總要求............................................................................................　118 6.2　直流電機(jī)及其驅(qū)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)........................................................................................　119 6.2.1　直流電機(jī)的工作原理與分類............................................................................　119 6.2.2　直流電機(jī)的動(dòng)態(tài)方程與特性分析....................................................................　120 6.2.3　直流電機(jī)的調(diào)速方法........................................................................................　123 6.2.4　直流電機(jī)的脈寬調(diào)制控制................................................................................　125 6.2.5　直流電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)矩與轉(zhuǎn)速控制............................................................................　126 6.2.6　直流電機(jī)的特點(diǎn)................................................................................................　127 6.3　交流感應(yīng)電機(jī)及其驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)........................................................................................　127 6.3.1　交流感應(yīng)電機(jī)的工作原理................................................................................　128 6.3.2　交流感應(yīng)電機(jī)的特性分析................................................................................　129 6.3.3　交流感應(yīng)電機(jī)的矢量控制................................................................................　129 6.3.4　交流感應(yīng)電機(jī)的特點(diǎn)及應(yīng)用............................................................................　130 6.4　永磁同步電機(jī)及其驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)........................................................................................　130 6.4.1　永磁無刷直流電機(jī)及其驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)....................................................................　131 6.4.2　正弦波永磁同步電機(jī)及其驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng).................................................................　134 6.5　開關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)及其驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)........................................................................................　137 6.5.1　開關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理....................................................................　137 新能源汽車整車控制技術(shù) |　4 | 6.5.2　開關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)的控制........................................................................................　139 6.5.3　開關(guān)磁阻電機(jī)的特點(diǎn)及應(yīng)用............................................................................　139 練習(xí)與實(shí)訓(xùn)............................................................................................................................　140 第　7 章 動(dòng)力電池及管理系統(tǒng)..................................................................................................　143 7.1　數(shù)據(jù)采集方法...............................................................................................................　144 7.1.1　單體電壓檢測方法............................................................................................　144 7.1.2　電池溫度采集方法............................................................................................　146 7.1.3　電池工作電流采集方法....................................................................................　147 7.2　電量管理系統(tǒng)...............................................................................................................　148 7.3　均衡管理系統(tǒng)...............................................................................................................　149 7.3.1　均衡變量的選擇................................................................................................　150 7.3.2　主動(dòng)均衡方案...................................................................................................　151 7.4　熱管理系統(tǒng)...................................................................................................................　159 7.5　數(shù)據(jù)通信系統(tǒng)...............................................................................................................　161 7.5.1　電池管理系統(tǒng)故障分析....................................................................................　163 7.5.2　動(dòng)力電池故障診斷策略....................................................................................　164 練習(xí)與實(shí)訓(xùn)............................................................................................................................　165 第　8 章 燃料電池電動(dòng)汽車簡介..............................................................................................　168 8.1　燃料電池電動(dòng)汽車的類型及構(gòu)成................................................................................　168 8.1.1　按有無蓄能裝置分類........................................................................................　168 8.1.2　按燃料電池與蓄電池的結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系分類.............................................................　169 8.1.3　按提供的燃料不同分類....................................................................................　170 8.1.4　燃料電池電動(dòng)汽車的構(gòu)成................................................................................　170 8.1.5　燃料電池汽車的效率........................................................................................　173 8.1.6　燃料電池電動(dòng)汽車的性能與關(guān)鍵技術(shù).............................................................　174 8.2　質(zhì)子交換膜燃料電池...................................................................................................　176 8.2.1　質(zhì)子交換膜燃料電池的基本性能....................................................................　176 8.2.2　單體質(zhì)子交換膜燃料電池................................................................................　177 8.2.3　燃料電池組（堆）............................................................................................　178 8.3　燃料電池發(fā)電系統(tǒng)與車載氫氣安全措施....................................................................　178 8.3.1　燃料電池發(fā)電系統(tǒng)............................................................................................　178 8.3.2　燃料電池的電源復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)................................................................................　179 目錄 |　5 | 8.3.3　FCEV 的多電源電力總成控制策略.................................................................　181 8.3.4　車載氫氣系統(tǒng)安全措施....................................................................................　181 練習(xí)與實(shí)訓(xùn)............................................................................................................................　183 第　9 章 新能源汽車的整車容錯(cuò)控制技術(shù)..............................................................................　186 9.1　容錯(cuò)控制的概念...........................................................................................................　186 9.2　混合動(dòng)力汽車控制系統(tǒng)容錯(cuò)故障樹............................................................................　187 9.3　控制系統(tǒng)故障的容錯(cuò)方法............................................................................................　195 9.4　混合動(dòng)力汽車容錯(cuò)控制...............................................................................................　196 9.5　混合動(dòng)力汽車安全故障管理系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)....................................................................　198 練習(xí)與實(shí)訓(xùn)............................................................................................................................　200 參考文獻(xiàn)　.................................................................................................................................................　202