Table of Contents

Foreword

Director-General of UNESCO 4

Foreword

Chinese Academy of Engineering

and Tsinghua University 7

Acknowledgements 9

Introduction 10

1. ENGINEERING A MORE

SUSTAINABLE WORLD 16

2. EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES

FOR ALL 40

2.1 Diversity and inclusion in engineering 43

2.2 Women in engineering 47

2.3 Young engineers and their role 51

3. ENGINEERING INNOVATIONS

AND THE SUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT GOALS 56

3.1 Engineering innovations to combat COVID-19

and improve human health 59

3.2 Water engineering for sustainable

development 67

3.2.1. Clean water and human health 69

3.2.2. Hydrology for the SDGs 74

3.3 Climate change – a climate emergency 79

3.4 Engineering: a crucial tool for disaster

risk reduction 85

3.5 Developing sustainable and resilient

energy systems 90

3.6 Mining engineering for the future 95

3.7 Engineering and big data 100

3.8 Engineering and Artificial Intelligence 106

3.9 Engineering for smart cities 111

4. ENGINEERING EDUCATION

AND CAPACITY-BUILDING FOR

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 118

4.1 Engineering education for the future 121

4.2 Lifelong learning in engineering:

an imperative to achieve the Sustainable

Development Goals 129

4.3 Engineers’ continuing professional

development 136

5. REGIONAL TRENDS

IN ENGINEERING 142

5.1 Major interregional trends 144

5.2 Europe and North America 151

5.3 Asia and the Pacific 159

5.4 Latin America and the Caribbean 166

5.5 Africa 172

5.6 Arab States 180

Acronyms 185