Unit 1 Origin & History of Education ……………………………………………………… 1 Text A The History of Compulsory Education in Europe ……………………………… 1 Text B A History of American Higher Education ……………………………………… 6 Supplementary Reading: The Origins of Distance Education ……………………………12 Unit 2 Educational Objective ………………………………………………………………15 Text A Aims and Objectives of Education ………………………………………………15 Text B Education, Basics of Education and Educational Objectives ……………………24 Supplementary Reading: Knowing Your Learning Target …………………………………31 Unit 3 Teacher & Student ……………………………………………………………………37 Text A The Teacher, the Student and the Classroom ……………………………………37 Text B Teacher-Student Attachment and Teachers’ Attitudes Towards Work ……………46 Supplementary Reading: Teacher Effectiveness: What Do Students and Instructors Say? …………………………………………………………………56 Unit 4 Teaching Methods ……………………………………………………………………61 Text A Refuting Misconceptions about Classroom Discussion …………………………61 Text B Brainstorming: A Creative Way to Learn ………………………………………68 Supplementary Reading: Learning Styles and Teaching Styles ……………………………75 Unit 5 Materials & Test ………………………………………………………………………83 Text A Materials and Media ……………………………………………………………83 Text B Test Anxiety and Academic Performance ………………………………………90 Supplem entary Reading: Using Examinations and Testing to Improve Educational Quality ………………………………………………………………95 Unit 6 Educational Evaluation …………………………………………………………… 104 Text A Integration of Technology and Educational Assessment ……………………… 104 Text B Sustainable Assessment and Evaluation Strategies for Open and Distance Learning …………………………………………………………… 111 Supplementary Reading: Online Diagnostic Assessment in Support of Personalized Teaching and Learning: The eDia System ……………………………………………… 118 Unit 7 School Management ……………………………………………………………… 120 Text A What Is School-based Management? ………………………………………… 120 Text B Data-informed Decision Making and Transformational Leadership ………… 128 Supplementary Reading: Evaluating School-based Management ……………………… 133 Unit 8 School & Family …………………………………………………………………… 140 Text A School and Family Cooperation Models for Reducing Social Problems …… 140 Text B School-Family Partnership in Hong Kong, China …………………………… 149 Supplementary Reading: Parent-Teacher Communication : Tips for Creating a Strong Parent-Teacher Relationship ………………………………………………… 156 Unit 9 Extra-curricular Activities ………………………………………………………… 160 Text A Extra-curricular Activity and the Transition from Higher Education to Work …………………………………………………………… 160 Text B Extra-curricular Physical Activity and Socioeconomic Status in Italian Adolescents …………………………………………………………………… 165 Supplementary Reading: Discussion and Conclusion of Correspondence Hypothesis … 170 Unit 10 Moral Education ………………………………………………………………… 174 Text A Education as a Moral Enterprise ……………………………………………… 174 Text B Moral Education of Youth in the Information Age …………………………… 179 Supplementary Reading: The Role of Moral Education in Students’ Value Development ………………………………………………………………… 184 Unit 11 Education & People’s Overall Development …………………………………… 187 Text A Importance of Early Childhood Education …………………………………… 187 Text B Social Skills Development in Primary Education …………………………… 191 Supplementary Reading: Importance of Education in Human Development ………… 198 Unit 12 Education & Social Development ……………………………………………… 201 Text A Open and Distance Education: A Better Way of Competence Building and Sustainable Development ……………………………………… 201 Text B Higher Education Within a Knowledge-based Society ……………………… 207 Supplementary Reading: The Global “Imagined Community”—International Education ……………………………………………………… 214 Unit 13 Educational Justice ……………………………………………………………… 217 Text A Educational Justice in Schools ………………………………………………… 217 Text B Efficiency and Equity of Education …………………………………………… 222 Supplementary Reading: Educational Policy, Housing Policy and Social Justice ……… 228 Unit 14 Educational System & Educational Law ……………………………………… 230 Text A E-learning in Modern Educational System …………………………………… 230 Text B Legislation and Equality in Basic Education ………………………………… 234 Supplem entary Reading: Major Continuities and Changes in the Compulsory Education Law …………………………………………………………………………… 240 Unit 15 Educator & Educational Thoughts ……………………………………………… 242 Text A Disciples of Confucius ………………………………………………………… 242 Text B Educational Thought and Teaching …………………………………………… 246 Supplementary Reading: Frederick James Gould: Education Inspired by Humanity’s Story ……………………………………………………………… 252 References …………………………………………………………………………………… 254